Roche pharmaceuticals rohypnol

Therefore, it was placed into Schedule IV of the Controlled Substances Act in due to international treaty obligations and remains under that classification. Schedule IV drugs are considered to have a lower abuse potential but can lead to physical or psychological dependence. The penalties associated with the possession, trafficking, and distribution of Rohypnol are equivalent to those of a Schedule I substance Schedule I substances include heroin, marijuana, and MDMA.

Rohypnol causes partial amnesia; individuals are unable to remember certain events that they experience while under the influence of the drug. This effect is particularly dangerous when Rohypnol is used to aid in the commission of sexual assault; victims may not be able to clearly recall the assault, the assailant, or the events surrounding the assault.

However, use has been relatively stable from to , with yearly use estimates ranging from 0. It is difficult to estimate the number of Rohypnol-facilitated rapes in the United States. Very often, biological samples are taken from the victim at a time when the effects of the drug have already passed and only residual amounts remain in the body fluids. These residual amounts are difficult, if not impossible, to detect using standard screening assays available in the United States.

If Rohypnol exposure is to be detected at all, urine samples need to be collected within 72 hours and subjected to sensitive analytical tests. The problem is compounded by the onset of amnesia after ingestion of the drug, which causes the victim to be uncertain about the facts surrounding the rape. This uncertainty may lead to critical delays or even reluctance to report the rape and to provide appropriate biological samples for toxicology testing.

Rohypnol, previously available as a white tablet that dissolved without color or taste, is now formulated as a caplet that is light green with a blue core. The manufacturer instituted this change to help identify tampered drinks at clubs. When dissolved in clear liquids the blue core will turn the clear liquid to blue. However, when dissolved in darker-colored liquids, the blue dye may not be noticeable. Generic versions of Rohypnol may not contain the blue dye.

Abuse Potential While Rohypnol has become widely known for its use as a date-rape drug, it is abused more frequently for other reasons. It is abused by high school students, college students, street gang members, rave party attendees, and heroin and cocaine abusers to produce profound intoxication, boost the high of heroin, and modulate the effects of cocaine.

Teenagers and young males age 13 to 30 have been noted as the primary abusers of Rohypnol. It was first introduced to the commercial market in Europe in as Rohypnol produced by Roche, and became available in other countries in the s. It was introduced in the US in the early s. It was originally distributed in 1 mg and 2 mg doses, but due to its potency and potential for abuse, higher dose Rohypnol was taken off the market by Roche; it is now only available as 1 mg tablets.

In the countries where Rohypnol is available for prescription as both 1 mg and 2 mg tablets, such as the Netherlands, generic alternatives are available for the 2 mg tablets. Classifications Rohypnol, is classified as a nitro-benzodiazepine, is a strong hypnotic, sedative, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, amnestic and skeletal muscle relaxant drug. It is considered to be one of the most effective benzodiazepine hypnotics on a dose basis.

Uses As a hypnotic drug, Rohypnol is generally intended to be for short-term treatment for chronic or severe insomniacs who are unresponsive to other hypnotics, especially in inpatients. As with other hypnotics, Rohypnol should only be used on a short-term basis or in those with chronic insomnia on an occasional basis.

Rohypnol has become infamous in the USA for its use as a date-rape drug, but it is used more frequently as a recreational drug, often used by high school and college students, people at raves and parties, and heroin and cocaine users. Rohypnol is usually consumed orally, and is sometimes combined with alcohol.

It is also occasionally insufflated crushed into powder and snorted. In some European countries, there was an alcohol solution of Rohypnol known as Darkene , taken by injection, with very strong effects. Effects Rohypnol is often called a date rape drug because of its high potency, strong effects and the ability to cause strong amnesia during its duration of action. The physical effects of Rohypnol include sedation, muscle relaxation, decreased anxiety, and prevention of convulsions.

The adverse effects of Rohypnol include physical and psychological dependence, reduced sleep quality resulting in somnolence or hypersomnia, excessive sedation; impairment of balance and speech, respiratory depression or coma, and possibly death Rohypnol is commonly used in suicide. When used in pregnancy, it might cause hypotonia Floppy Infant Syndrome.

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